{"id":1133,"date":"2020-02-10T16:22:19","date_gmt":"2020-02-10T15:22:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/?page_id=1133"},"modified":"2020-11-09T22:26:17","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T21:26:17","slug":"dodrzuji-skolaci-odborna-doporuceni-o-zdravem-zpusobu-zivota-a-jak-tyto-fenomeny-ovlivnuji-jejich-kognitivni-vyvoj","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/dodrzuji-skolaci-odborna-doporuceni-o-zdravem-zpusobu-zivota-a-jak-tyto-fenomeny-ovlivnuji-jejich-kognitivni-vyvoj\/","title":{"rendered":"Dodr\u017euj\u00ed \u0161kol\u00e1ci odborn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed o zdrav\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Z akademick\u00fdch kruh\u016f a \u0159ad odborn\u00edk\u016f vcelku \u010dasto sl\u00fdch\u00e1me doporu\u010den\u00ed o z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch a zdrav\u00fdch limitech pro pr\u00e1ci s technologiemi. V\u011bdeck\u00e9 studie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na re\u00e1ln\u00fdch vlivech obrazovek na d\u011btsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, jejich pozornost, \u010di kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed pomalu a st\u00e1le n\u00e1m chyb\u00ed takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 by se zab\u00fdvaly dlouhodob\u00fdmi vlivy v \u0159\u00e1du let, \u010di dek\u00e1d. Bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00fd v\u00fdvoj technologi\u00ed n\u00e1m zabra\u0148uje takov\u00e9 studie v\u016fbec realizovat. Technologie a aplikace i pro ty nejmen\u0161\u00ed se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed na trh st\u00e1le rychleji a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento trend se bude sp\u00ed\u0161e zrychlovat, ne\u017e cokoliv jin\u00e9ho. Proto\u017ee v tak turbulentn\u00ed situaci je jist\u011b tou nejm\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u00ed reakc\u00ed \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na ty opravdu spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a pravdiv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi, nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u00e1m ne\u017e pracovat s t\u00edm, co m\u00e1me. Tedy v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jsou to nej\u010dast\u011bji data o vlivech konzumace televizn\u00edho obsahu na d\u011btsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj a zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed o vlivech sp\u00ed\u0161e pasivn\u00edho, sedav\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota, kter\u00fd je pr\u00e1v\u011b \u010dasto spojen se sledov\u00e1n\u00edm televize a hran\u00edm na tabletu, telefonu, \u010di po\u010d\u00edta\u010di.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z obecn\u011b p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed jsou tzv. Kanadsk\u00e1 24-hodinov\u00e1 pohybov\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho kognitivn\u00edho v\u00fdvoje u d\u011bt\u00ed:<\/p>\n

doporu\u010den\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00edch 9 a\u017e 11 hodin sp\u00e1nku, alespo\u0148 jedn\u00e9 hodiny fyzick\u00e9 aktivity a maxim\u00e1ln\u011b dvou hodin str\u00e1ven\u00fdch u obrazovky pro \u00fa\u010dely z\u00e1bavy, nebo \u201codpo\u010dinku\u201d (tzv. rekrea\u010dn\u00ed \u010das).<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Do t\u011bchto dvou hodin tedy nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm zdroj\u016f pro \u0161koln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravu, nebo hran\u00ed eduka\u010dn\u00edch her apod. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdzkum toti\u017e potvrzuje, \u017ee obsah a zp\u016fsob konzumace audiovizu\u00e1ln\u00edho obsahu je velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd a v ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je velice efektivn\u00edm pomocn\u00edkem ve v\u00fdvoji a u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V roce 2018 publikoval akademick\u00fd \u010dasopis The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health studii Dr. Jeremyho Walshe, je\u017e se pokou\u0161ela nal\u00e9zt spojitost mezi dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto doporu\u010den\u00ed a stavem kognitivn\u00edch schopnost\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 8 \u2013 11 let. Tato studie byla provedena na v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 500 d\u011bt\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d 20 st\u00e1ty USA. Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee tato obecn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed v naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b sledovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f dodr\u017eov\u00e1na nejsou, data poukazuj\u00ed na zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 souvislosti mezi kognitivn\u00edmi schopnostmi a jednotliv\u00fdmi sledovan\u00fdmi prom\u011bnn\u00fdmi \u2013 sp\u00e1nek, pohyb a obrazovky.<\/p>\n

T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jedno ze t\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed (29%) nesplnilo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z doporu\u010den\u00ed, 41% d\u011bt\u00ed splnilo pouze jedno a 25% splnilo v\u0161echna t\u0159i doporu\u010den\u00ed. Polovina d\u011bt\u00ed splnila krit\u00e9rium zdrav\u00fdch limit\u016f sp\u00e1nku (51%), 37% splnilo \u010dasov\u00e9 limity o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed a 18% d\u011bt\u00ed splnilo doporu\u010den\u00ed o fyzick\u00e9 aktivit\u011b.<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V\u0161echny d\u011bti byly tak\u00e9 podrobeny kognitivn\u00edmu testu, kter\u00fd hodnotil jazykov\u00e9 schopnosti, epizodickou pam\u011b\u0165, v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 kognitivn\u00ed funkce, pozornost, pracovn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 a rychlost zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed. Studie kontrolovala tyto v\u00fdsledky v r\u00e1mci dal\u0161\u00edch prom\u011bnn\u00fdch, jako jsou p\u0159\u00edjmy dom\u00e1cnosti, vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f a d\u011bt\u00ed, etnick\u00fd p\u016fvod, pubert\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj a v\u011bk, index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti, \u00farazy hlavy a mo\u017en\u00e1 traumatick\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed mozku.<\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce jednotliv\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b spl\u0148ovalo, t\u00edm lep\u0161\u00ed jeho kognitivn\u00ed funkce byly. Mimoto, spln\u011bn\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed o sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdch spolu s obrazovkov\u00fdmi limity vykazovalo nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spojitost s pozitivn\u00edm kognitivn\u00edm v\u00fdvojem.<\/p>\n

Dr. Jeremy Walsh shrnuje v\u00fdsledky takto: \u201eBylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b hodiny rekrea\u010dn\u00ed konzumace obsahu z obrazovek u d\u011bt\u00ed byly spojeny s chud\u0161\u00edm kognitivn\u00edm v\u00fdvojem. V t\u00e9to souvislosti je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu objas\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho mo\u017en\u00e9 vazby mezi \u010dasem str\u00e1ven\u00fdm s obrazovkami a kognic\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b studov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f interakce s obrazovkami, zda je obsah vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed nebo z\u00e1bavn\u00fd, a zda vy\u017eaduje hlubok\u00e9 soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e multitasking. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b na\u0161ich zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed by pediat\u0159i, rodi\u010de, pedagogov\u00e9 a politici m\u011bli podporovat omezen\u00ed rekrea\u010dn\u00edho \u010dasu na obrazovce a up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat zdrav\u00e9 sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 rutiny b\u011bhem d\u011btstv\u00ed a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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Z akademick\u00fdch kruh\u016f a \u0159ad odborn\u00edk\u016f vcelku \u010dasto sl\u00fdch\u00e1me doporu\u010den\u00ed o z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch a zdrav\u00fdch limitech pro pr\u00e1ci s technologiemi. V\u011bdeck\u00e9 studie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na re\u00e1ln\u00fdch vlivech obrazovek na d\u011btsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, jejich pozornost, \u010di kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed pomalu a st\u00e1le n\u00e1m chyb\u00ed takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 by se zab\u00fdvaly dlouhodob\u00fdmi vlivy v \u0159\u00e1du let, \u010di dek\u00e1d. Bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00fd v\u00fdvoj technologi\u00ed n\u00e1m zabra\u0148uje takov\u00e9…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1130,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"my-templates\/template-fullwidth.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1133"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1133"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1133\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1327,"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1133\/revisions\/1327"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1130"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/slowtechinstitute.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1133"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}